This computer was proposed by John von Neumann and others in 1945. Von Neumann architecture Ī breakthrough came with the draft of the second electronic computer, EDVAC. It worked on decimal systems much similar to the way we, humans, do in our normal lives. The programming of this giant machine required manual change of circuitry by expert individuals by changing connecting wires and lots of switches It sure was a tedious task. This, although a great achievement altogether, was not of much importance in front of standards of Architecture and organization. The first among the electronic computers was The ENIAC, designed by John Mauchly and J. We, however, are more concerned with architecture and organization of Electronic computer systems only as 'the computing systems' before this had very vague (or at least different!) representation of these terms in their construction. The history of computer systems, in the strict sense of the name, will date back to as back as the basic need for computation among humans. In more general language, the Architecture of a computer system can be considered as a catalog of tools available for any operator using the system, while Organization will be the way the system is structured so that all those cataloged tools can be used, and efficiently. Organization of a computer system is the way of practical implementation that results in the realization of architectural specifications of a computer system. Externally visual attributes, here in computer science, mean the way a system is visible to the logic of programs (not the human eyes!). Architecture in the computer system, same as anywhere else, refers to the externally visual attributes of the system. Computer Organization and Architecture is the study of internal working, structuring, and implementation of a computer system.
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